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nm [ -a | --debug-syms ] [ -g | --extern-only ]
[ -B ] [ -C | --demangle[=style] ] [ -D | --dynamic ]
[ -s | --print-armap ] [ -A | -o | --print-file-name ]
[ -n | -v | --numeric-sort ] [ -p | --no-sort ]
[ -r | --reverse-sort ] [ --size-sort ] [ -u | --undefined-only ]
[ -t radix | --radix=radix ] [ -P | --portability ]
[ --target=bfdname ] [ -f format | --format=format ]
[ --defined-only ] [-l | --line-numbers ] [ --no-demangle ]
[ -V | --version ] [ -X 32_64 ] [ --help ] [ objfile... ]
GNU nm
lists the symbols from object files objfile....
If no object files are listed as arguments, nm
assumes the file
`a.out'.
For each symbol, nm
shows:
GNU nm
Àº ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ objfile...ÀÇ ½Éº¼À»
Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù. ¾Æ±Ô¸ÕÆ®·Î ¾î¶² ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀϵµ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é `a.out'À»
°¡Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.
-
The symbol value, in the radix selected by options (see below), or
hexadecimal by default.
½Éº¼ °ªÀº ¾Æ·¡ ¼³¸íÇÒ ¿É¼Ç¿¡¼ ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ Áø¼ö·Î Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù. ±âº»°ªÀº 16 Áø¼öÀÌ´Ù.
-
The symbol type. At least the following types are used; others are, as
well, depending on the object file format. If lowercase, the symbol is
local; if uppercase, the symbol is global (external).
½Éº¼ ŸÀÔ. ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ ´ÙÀ½ ŸÀÔµéÀÌ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ
Çü½Ä¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸£´Ù. ¼Ò¹®ÀÚ´Â ½Éº¼ÀÌ Áö¿ª ½Éº¼ÀÓÀ», ´ë¹®ÀÚ´Â ½Éº¼ÀÌ
Àü¿ª (¿ÜºÎ) ½Éº¼ÀÓÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù.
A
-
The symbol's value is absolute, and will not be changed by further
linking.
½Éº¼ °ªÀÌ Àý´ëÀûÀÌ¿©¼, ´õ ¸µÅ©¸¦ Çصµ º¯°æµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
B
-
The symbol is in the uninitialized data section (known as BSS).
½Éº¼ÀÌ (BSS¶ó ºÎ¸£´Â) ÃʱâȵÇÁö¾ÊÀº ÀÚ·á ¼½¼Ç¿¡ ÀúÀåµÈ´Ù.
C
-
The symbol is common. Common symbols are uninitialized data. When
linking, multiple common symbols may appear with the same name. If the
symbol is defined anywhere, the common symbols are treated as undefined
references. For more details on common symbols, see the discussion of
--warn-common in section `Linker options' in The GNU linker.
½Éº¼ÀÌ °øÅë ½Éº¼ÀÌ´Ù. °øÅë ½Éº¼Àº ÃʱâȵÇÁö¾ÊÀº ÀÚ·áÀÌ´Ù. ¸µÅ©½Ã
°°Àº À̸§À» °¡Áø ¿©·¯ °øÅë ½Éº¼ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. ½Éº¼ÀÌ ¾îµð¿¡µµ Á¤ÀǵÇÁö
¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é °øÅë ½Éº¼Àº Á¤ÀǵÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ÂüÁ¶·Î Ãë±ÞµÈ´Ù. °øÅë ½Éº¼¿¡ ÀÚ¼¼È÷
¾Ë·Á¸é, The GNU linkerÀÇ `Linker options'¿¡¼ --warn-common ¿É¼Ç
¼³¸íÀ» Âü°íÇ϶ó.
D
-
The symbol is in the initialized data section.
½Éº¼ÀÌ ÃʱâÈµÈ ÀÚ·á ¼½¼Ç¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù.
G
-
The symbol is in an initialized data section for small objects. Some
object file formats permit more efficient access to small data objects,
such as a global int variable as opposed to a large global array.
½Éº¼ÀÌ Å©±â°¡ ÀÛÀº °´Ã¼¸¦ À§ÇÑ ÃʱâÈµÈ ÀÚ·á ¼½¼Ç¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù.
¸î¸î ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ Çü½ÄÀº (Å« Àü¿ª ¹è¿¿¡ ´ëÀÀµÇ´Â Àü¿ª Á¤¼ö º¯¼ö¿Í °°ÀÌ)
ÀÛÀº ÀÚ·á °´Ã¼¸¦ ´õ È¿À²ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¢±ÙÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
I
-
The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol. This is a GNU
extension to the a.out object file format which is rarely used.
½Éº¼Àº ´Ù¸¥ ½Éº¼·ÎÀÇ °£Á¢ ÂüÁ¶ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â °ÅÀÇ »ç¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â a.out ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ®
ÆÄÀÏ Çü½Ä¿¡¼ ´ëÇÑ GNU È®ÀåÀÌ´Ù.
N
-
The symbol is a debugging symbol.
½Éº¼ÀÌ µð¹ö±× ½Éº¼ÀÌ´Ù.
R
-
The symbol is in a read only data section.
½Éº¼ÀÌ Àбâ Àü¿ë ¼½¼Ç¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
S
-
The symbol is in an uninitialized data section for small objects.
½Éº¼ÀÌ ÀÛÀº °´Ã¼¸¦ À§ÇÑ ÃʱâȵÇÁö¾ÊÀº ÀÚ·á ¼½¼Ç¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
T
-
The symbol is in the text (code) section.
½Éº¼ÀÌ ÅؽºÆ® (text, ÄÚµå) ¼½¼Ç¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
U
-
The symbol is undefined.
½Éº¼ÀÌ Á¤ÀǵÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
V
-
The symbol is a weak object. When a weak defined symbol is linked with
a normal defined symbol, the normal defined symbol is used with no error.
When a weak undefined symbol is linked and the symbol is not defined,
the value of the weak symbol becomes zero with no error.
½Éº¼Àº ¾àÇÑ °´Ã¼ÀÌ´Ù. ¾àÇÑ °´Ã¼°¡ Á¤ÀÇµÈ ½Éº¼°ú ¸µÅ©µÇ¸é ¿À·ù¾øÀÌ
Á¤ÀÇµÈ ½Éº¼ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. Á¤ÀǵÇÁö¾ÊÀº ¾àÇÑ ½Éº¼ÀÌ ¸µÅ©µÉ ¶§ Á¤ÀǵÈ
½Éº¼ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é ¿À·ù¾øÀÌ ¾àÇÑ ½Éº¼ °ªÀº 0ÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
W
-
The symbol is a weak symbol that has not been specifically tagged as a
weak object symbol. When a weak defined symbol is linked with a normal
defined symbol, the normal defined symbol is used with no error.
When a weak undefined symbol is linked and the symbol is not defined,
the value of the weak symbol becomes zero with no error.
½Éº¼Àº ¸í½ÃÀûÀ¸·Î ¾àÇÑ °´Ã¼ ½Éº¼À̶ó°í Ç¥½ÃµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ¾àÇÑ ½Éº¼ÀÌ´Ù.
¾àÇÑ °´Ã¼°¡ Á¤ÀÇµÈ ½Éº¼°ú ¸µÅ©µÇ¸é ¿À·ù¾øÀÌ
Á¤ÀÇµÈ ½Éº¼ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. Á¤ÀǵÇÁö¾ÊÀº ¾àÇÑ ½Éº¼ÀÌ ¸µÅ©µÉ ¶§ Á¤ÀǵÈ
½Éº¼ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é ¿À·ù¾øÀÌ ¾àÇÑ ½Éº¼ °ªÀº 0ÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
-
-
The symbol is a stabs symbol in an a.out object file. In this case, the
next values printed are the stabs other field, the stabs desc field, and
the stab type. Stabs symbols are used to hold debugging information;
for more information, see section `Stabs Overview' in The "stabs" debug format.
½Éº¼Àº a.out ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ stabs ½Éº¼ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ °æ¿ì ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î Ãâ·ÂµÇ´Â °ªÀº
stabs other Çʵå, stabs desc Çʵå, stab ŸÀÔÀÌ´Ù. stabs ½Éº¼Àº µð¹ö±ë Á¤º¸¸¦
ÀúÀåÇÑ´Ù. The "stabs" debug formatÀÇ `Stabs Overview'À» Âü°íÇ϶ó.
(¿ªÁÖ; ÀÌ ¹®¼´Â GNU GDB ¼Ò½ºÄڵ忡 Æ÷ÇÔµÇÀÖ´Ù.)
?
-
The symbol type is unknown, or object file format specific.
¾Ë ¼ö ¾ø°Å³ª ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ Çü½Ä¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ´Â ½Éº¼ ŸÀÔ.
-
The symbol name.
½Éº¼ À̸§.
The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
equivalent.
°°ÀÌ ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â ±ä Çü½Ä°ú ÀÛÀº Çü½ÄÀÇ ¿É¼ÇÀº µ¿ÀÏÇÏ´Ù.
-A
-
-o
-
--print-file-name
-
Precede each symbol by the name of the input file (or archive member)
in which it was found, rather than identifying the input file once only,
before all of its symbols.
½Éº¼µé ¾Õ¿¡ Çѹø¸¸ ÀÔ·ÂÆÄÀÏÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í,
°¢ ½Éº¼ ¾Õ¸¶´Ù ½Éº¼ÀÌ ¹ß°ßµÈ ÀÔ·ÂÆÄÀÏ À̸§À» (ȤÀº ¾ÆÄ«ÀÌºê ¸â¹ö¸¦) Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
-a
-
--debug-syms
-
Display all symbols, even debugger-only symbols; normally these are not
listed.
º¸Åë Ãâ·ÂÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â µð¹ö°Å¿ë ½Éº¼À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© ¸ðµç ½Éº¼À» Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
-B
-
The same as `--format=bsd' (for compatibility with the MIPS
nm
).
(MIPS nm
°ú ȣȯÀ» À§ÇØ) `--format=bsd'¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÏ´Ù.
-C
-
--demangle[=style]
-
Decode (demangle) low-level symbol names into user-level names.
Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this
makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have different
mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to
choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler. See section c++filt,
for more information on demangling.
Àú¼öÁØ ½Éº¼ À̸§À» »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾Ë¾Æº¼ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô Ç®¾î¾´´Ù(µð¸Í±Û¸µ).
½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼ ¾Õ¿¡ ºÙÀÎ `_'À» Á¦°ÅÇÏ´Â °Í ¿Ü¿¡ C++ ÇÔ¼ö À̸§µµ Ç®¾î¾´´Ù.
ÄÄÆÄÀÏ·¯ ¸¶´Ù ´Ù¸¥ ¸Í±Û¸µ Çü½ÄÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ¼±ÅÃÀûÀÎ µð¸Í±Û¸µ Çü½Ä ¾Æ±Ô¸ÕÆ®´Â
ÄÄÆÄÀÏ·¯¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â µð¸Í±Û¸µ Çü½ÄÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÑ´Ù. µð¸Í±Û¸µ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â
c++filtÀ» Âü°íÇ϶ó.
--no-demangle
-
Do not demangle low-level symbol names. This is the default.
Àú¼öÁØ ½Éº¼ À̸§À» µð¸Í±Û¸µÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ±âº» ÇൿÀÌ´Ù.
-D
-
--dynamic
-
Display the dynamic symbols rather than the normal symbols. This is
only meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared
libraries.
º¸Åë ½Éº¼ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó µ¿Àû ½Éº¼À» Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â °øÀ¯ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¿Í
°°Àº µ¿Àû °´Ã¼¿¡¸¸ Àǹ̰¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
-f format
-
--format=format
-
Use the output format format, which can be
bsd
,
sysv
, or posix
. The default is bsd
.
Only the first character of format is significant; it can be
either upper or lower case.
Ãâ·Â Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î formatÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. Ãâ·Â Çü½Ä¿¡´Â
bsd
, sysv
, posix
À» »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
±âº»°ªÀº bsd
ÀÌ´Ù. Çü½ÄÀº formatÀÇ Ã¹ ¹®ÀÚ¸¸ º¸°í °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.
´ë¼Ò¹®ÀÚ ¸ðµÎ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.
-g
-
--extern-only
-
Display only external symbols.
¿ÜºÎ ½Éº¼¸¸ Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
-l
-
--line-numbers
-
For each symbol, use debugging information to try to find a filename and
line number. For a defined symbol, look for the line number of the
address of the symbol. For an undefined symbol, look for the line
number of a relocation entry which refers to the symbol. If line number
information can be found, print it after the other symbol information.
°¢ ½Éº¼¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇÏ´Â ÆÄÀϸí°ú ÁÙ ¹øÈ£¸¦ ã±â À§Çؼ µð¹ö±ë Á¤º¸¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
Á¤ÀÇµÈ ½Éº¼Àº ½Éº¼ ÁÖ¼Ò¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇÏ´Â ÁÙ ¹øÈ£¸¦ ã´Â´Ù. Á¤ÀǵÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ½Éº¼Àº
½Éº¼À» ÂüÁ¶ÇÏ´Â Àç¹èÄ¡ Ç׸ñÀÇ ÁÙ ¹øÈ£¸¦ ã´Â´Ù. ÁÙ ¹øÈ£ Á¤º¸°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ¸é
´Ù¸¥ ½Éº¼ Á¤º¸ µÚ¿¡ Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
-n
-
-v
-
--numeric-sort
-
Sort symbols numerically by their addresses, rather than alphabetically
by their names.
½Éº¼ÀÇ À̸§ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÁÖ¼Ò·Î ½Éº¼À» Á¤·ÄÇÑ´Ù.
-p
-
--no-sort
-
Do not bother to sort the symbols in any order; print them in the order
encountered.
½Éº¼À» Á¤·ÄÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ¼ø¼´ë·Î Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
-P
-
--portability
-
Use the POSIX.2 standard output format instead of the default format.
Equivalent to `-f posix'.
±âº» Ãâ·Â Çü½Ä ´ë½Å¿¡ POSIX.2 Ç¥ÁØ Çü½ÄÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
`-f posix'¿Í °°´Ù.
-s
-
--print-armap
-
When listing symbols from archive members, include the index: a mapping
(stored in the archive by
ar
or ranlib
) of which modules
contain definitions for which names.
¾ÆÄ«ÀÌºê ¸â¹ö¿¡¼ ½Éº¼À» Ãâ·ÂÇÒ ¶§, ¾î¶² ¸ðµâÀÌ ¾î¶² À̸§ÀÇ Á¤ÀǸ¦
Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´ÂÁö (ar
³ª ranlib
·Î ¾ÆÄ«À̺꿡 ÀúÀåÇÑ)
´ëÀÀµµ Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
-r
-
--reverse-sort
-
Reverse the order of the sort (whether numeric or alphabetic); let the
last come first.
(¼ýÀÚ¼øÀ̳ª ¹®ÀÚ¼øÀ̳ª) Á¤·Ä ¼ø¼¸¦ ¹Ý´ë·Î ÇÑ´Ù. µÚÀÇ °ÍÀÌ ¾Õ¿¡ ¿À°Ô ÇÑ´Ù.
--size-sort
-
Sort symbols by size. The size is computed as the difference between
the value of the symbol and the value of the symbol with the next higher
value. The size of the symbol is printed, rather than the value.
Å©±â·Î ½Éº¼À» Á¤·ÄÇÑ´Ù. Å©±â´Â ½Éº¼ °ª°ú ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î °ªÀÌ Å« ½Éº¼ °ªÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ·Î
°è»êµÈ´Ù. ½Éº¼ °ª ´ë½Å ½Éº¼ÀÇ Å©±â°¡ Ãâ·ÂµÈ´Ù.
-t radix
-
--radix=radix
-
Use radix as the radix for printing the symbol values. It must be
`d' for decimal, `o' for octal, or `x' for hexadecimal.
½Éº¼ °ªÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇÏ´Â Áø¼ö·Î radixÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. `d'´Â
10 Áø¼ö, `o'´Â 8 Áø¼ö, `x'´Â 16 Áø¼ö¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù.
--target=bfdname
-
Specify an object code format other than your system's default format.
See section Target Selection, for more information.
½Ã½ºÅÛ ±âº» ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® Çü½Ä ´ë½Å ´Ù¸¥ Çü½ÄÀ» ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.
Target Selection¸¦ Âü°íÇ϶ó.
-u
-
--undefined-only
-
Display only undefined symbols (those external to each object file).
Á¤ÀǵÇÁö ¾ÊÀº (¿ÜºÎ) ½Éº¼¸¸ Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
--defined-only
-
Display only defined symbols for each object file.
°¢ ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ Á¤ÀÇµÈ ½Éº¼¸¸ Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
-V
-
--version
-
Show the version number of
nm
and exit.
nm
¹öÀüÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇÏ°í Á¾·áÇÑ´Ù.
-X
-
This option is ignored for compatibility with the AIX version of
nm
. It takes one parameter which must be the string
32_64
. The default mode of AIX nm
corresponds
to -X 32
, which is not supported by GNU nm
.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº AIXÀÇ nm
¿Í ȣȯÀ» À§ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹«½ÃµÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ÇÑ ÆĶó¹ÌÅ͸¦ ¹ÞÀ¸¸ç, ±× ÆĶó¹ÌÅÍ´Â 32_64
À̾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
AIX nm
ÀÇ ±âº»°ªÀº GNU nm
ÀÌ Áö¿øÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â
-X 32
ÀÌ´Ù.
--help
-
Show a summary of the options to
nm
and exit.
¿É¼ÇµéÀ» °£´ÜÈ÷ ¼³¸íÇÏ°í Á¾·áÇÑ´Ù.
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