Original English Text
All types have corresponding tree nodes. However, you should not assume
that there is exactly one tree node corresponding to each type. There
are often several nodes each of which correspond to the same type.
Korean Translation
모든 타입들은 상응하는 트리 노드들을 가지고 있다. 그러나 개개의 타입에 따라 상응하는 하나의 트리 노드가 꼭 있다고 생각해서는 않된다. 여기에는 같은 타입에 상응하는 여러 노드들도 종종 있기 때문이다. 거의 대부분에 대해서, 타입의 종류에 따라 다른 트리 노드들을 가진다. 예를 들어 포인터 타입들은 POINTER_TYPE코드를, 배열들은 ARRAY_TYPE 코드를 사용한다. 그러나 멤버 함수의 포인터들은 RECORD_TYPE 코드를 사용한다. 그러므로 특정한 타입에 의존하는 switch문 등을 작성할 때에 멤버 함수들의 포인터를 다루는 것에 주의해야 한다. �
Original English Text
For the most part, different kinds of types have different tree codes.
(For example, pointer types use a POINTER_TYPE code while arrays
use an ARRAY_TYPE code.) However, pointers to member functions
use the RECORD_TYPE code. Therefore, when writing a
switch statement that depends on the code associated with a
particular type, you should take care to handle pointers to member
functions under the RECORD_TYPE case label.
Korean Translation
거의 대부분에 대해서, 타입의 종류에 따라 다른 트리 노드들을 가진다. 예를 들어 포인터 타입들은 POINTER_TYPE코드를, 배열들은 ARRAY_TYPE 코드를 사용한다. 그러나 멤버 함수의 포인터들은 RECORD_TYPE 코드를 사용한다. 그러므로 특정한 타입에 의존하는 switch문 등을 작성할 때에 멤버 함수들의 포인터를 다루는 것에 주의해야 한다. �
Original English Text
In C++, an array type is not qualified; rather the type of the array
elements is qualified. This situation is reflected in the intermediate
representation. The macros described here will always examine the
qualification of the underlying element type when applied to an array
type. (If the element type is itself an array, then the recursion
continues until a non-array type is found, and the qualification of this
type is examined.) So, for example, CP_TYPE_CONST_P will hold of
the type const int ()[7], denoting an array of seven ints.
Korean Translation
C++에선 배열타입보다는 오히려 그 배열요소들의 타입이 평가된다. 이런 상황은 중간표현 과정에서 반영된다. 여기서 언급된 매크로는 항상 배열타입에 대해 그 배열의 요소 타입이 적절한 지를 조사할 것이다. 만약 배열의 요소 타입이 그것 자신인 배열일 때에는 배열 타입이 아닌 것을 발견할 때까지 계속 순환하며 타입을 조사한다. 예를 들어 CP_TYPE_CONST_P는 타입 const int() [7]에 대해서 일곱 개의 정수형들이 배열로서 인식될 것이다.
Original English Text
The following functions and macros deal with cv-qualification of types:
cv-qualification과 함께 다루어진다.
CP_TYPE_QUALS
TYPE_UNQUALIFIED if no qualifiers have been
applied. The TYPE_QUAL_CONST bit is set if the type is
const-qualified. The TYPE_QUAL_VOLATILE bit is set if the
type is volatile-qualified. The TYPE_QUAL_RESTRICT bit is
set if the type is restrict-qualified.
이 매크로는 이 타입에 관계된 허용되는 타입의 집합을 리턴한다. 이 값은 허용되는 타입들이 존재하지 않을 때 TYPE_UNQUALIFIED 값을 가진다. TYPE_QUAL_CONST 비트는 그 타입이 const-인 것으로 한정되면 세팅되고, TYPE_QUAL_VOLATILE비트는 그 타입이 volatile-일때, 그리고 TYPE_QUAL_RESTRICT비트는 그 타입이 restrict-일때 세팅 된다.
CP_TYPE_CONST_P
const-qualified.
타입이 const로 한정된 경우 참의 값을 가지는 매크로. �
CP_TYPE_VOLATILE_P
volatile-qualified.
타입이 volatile로 한정된 경우 참의 값을 가지는 매크로.
CP_TYPE_RESTRICT_P
restrict-qualified.
타입이 restrict로 한정된 경우 참의 값을 가지는 매크로.
CP_TYPE_CONST_NON_VOLATILE_P
const-qualified, but
not volatile-qualified; other cv-qualifiers are ignored as
well: only the const-ness is tested.
타입이 const로 한정된 경우 참의 값을 가지는 매크로. 다른 cv-qualifier들은 마찮가지로 무시된다.
TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT
A few other macros and functions are usable with all types:
TYPE_SIZE
INTEGER_CST. For an incomplete type, TYPE_SIZE will be
NULL_TREE.
INTEGER_CST로서 값을 가지는, 타입을 표현하기 위해 요구되는 비트의 개수. 불완전한 타입에 대해서 TYPE_SIZE는 NULL_TREE이다.
TYPE_ALIGN
int.
정수형 타입에서 비트단위의 정렬.
TYPE_NAME
TYPE_DECL) for
the type. (Note this macro does not return a
IDENTIFIER_NODE, as you might expect, given its name!) You can
look at the DECL_NAME of the TYPE_DECL to obtain the
actual name of the type. The TYPE_NAME will be NULL_TREE
for a type that is not a builtin type, the result of a typedef, or a
named class type.
이 매크로는 타입에 대한 선언을 TYPE_DECL의 형태로 리턴한다.(주의! 이 매크로는 타입의 주어진 이름인 IDENTIFIER_NODE를 리턴하지 않는다.) 타입의 실제 이름을 얻기위해 TYPE_DECL의 DECL_NAME을 사옳� 수 있다. TYPE_NAME은 내장형,typedef의 결과, 혹은 정의된 클래스형등이 아니면 NULL_TREE일 것이다.
CP_INTEGRAL_TYPE
ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P
CLASS_TYPE_P
TYPE_BUILT_IN
TYPE_PTRMEM_P
TYPE_PTR_P
TYPE_PTRFN_P
TYPE_PTROB_P
void *. You
may use TYPE_PTROBV_P to test for a pointer to object type as
well as void *.
객체 타입에 대한 포인터일 경우 참의 값을 가지는 매크로. 그러나 객체 타입에 대한 범용(generic)포인터(void*)에 대해선 사용되지 않는다. void*과 마찮가지로 객체 타입에 대한 포인터를 테스트하기 위해 TYPE_PTROBV_P를 사용할 수 있다.
same_type_p
typedef for the other, or
both are typedefs for the same type. This predicate also holds if
the two trees given as input are simply copies of one another; i.e.,
there is no difference between them at the source level, but, for
whatever reason, a duplicate has been made in the representation. You
should never use == (pointer equality) to compare types; always
use same_type_p instead.
same_type_p를 대신 사용해야한다.
Detailed below are the various kinds of types, and the macros that can be used to access them. Although other kinds of types are used elsewhere in G++, the types described here are the only ones that you will encounter while examining the intermediate representation. 아래에 서술된 것들은 타입들의 여러 종류와 그것들을 접근하기 위해 사용되는 매크로들이다. 비록 G++에서 사용되는 그밖의 여러 다른 종류의 타입들이 있지만 여기 서술된 타입들은 중간 표현과정 단계에서 만날 수 있는 유일한 것들이다.
VOID_TYPE
void type.
void타입을 표현하기 위해 사용된다.
INTEGER_TYPE
char,
short, int, long, and long long. This code
is not used for enumeration types, nor for the bool type. Note
that GCC's CHAR_TYPE node is not used to represent
char. The TYPE_PRECISION is the number of bits used in
the representation, represented as an unsigned int. (Note that
in the general case this is not the same value as TYPE_SIZE;
suppose that there were a 24-bit integer type, but that alignment
requirements for the ABI required 32-bit alignment. Then,
TYPE_SIZE would be an INTEGER_CST for 32, while
TYPE_PRECISION would be 24.) The integer type is unsigned if
TREE_UNSIGNED holds; otherwise, it is signed.
The TYPE_MIN_VALUE is an INTEGER_CST for the smallest
integer that may be represented by this type. Similarly, the
TYPE_MAX_VALUE is an INTEGER_CST for the largest integer
that may be represented by this type.
REAL_TYPE
float, double, and long
double types. The number of bits in the floating-point representation
is given by TYPE_PRECISION, as in the INTEGER_TYPE case.
COMPLEX_TYPE
__complex__ data types. The
TREE_TYPE is the type of the real and imaginary parts.
ENUMERAL_TYPE
TYPE_PRECISION gives
(as an int), the number of bits used to represent the type. If
there are no negative enumeration constants, TREE_UNSIGNED will
hold. The minimum and maximum enumeration constants may be obtained
with TYPE_MIN_VALUE and TYPE_MAX_VALUE, respectively; each
of these macros returns an INTEGER_CST.
The actual enumeration constants themselves may be obtained by looking
at the TYPE_VALUES. This macro will return a TREE_LIST,
containing the constants. The TREE_PURPOSE of each node will be
an IDENTIFIER_NODE giving the name of the constant; the
TREE_VALUE will be an INTEGER_CST giving the value
assigned to that constant. These constants will appear in the order in
which they were declared. The TREE_TYPE of each of these
constants will be the type of enumeration type itself.
BOOLEAN_TYPE
bool type.
POINTER_TYPE
TREE_TYPE gives the type to which this type points. If the type
is a pointer to data member type, then TYPE_PTRMEM_P will hold.
For a pointer to data member type of the form `T X::*',
TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE will be the type X, while
TYPE_PTRMEM_POINTED_TO_TYPE will be the type T.
REFERENCE_TYPE
TREE_TYPE gives the type
to which this type refers.
FUNCTION_TYPE
TREE_TYPE gives the return type of the function.
The TYPE_ARG_TYPES are a TREE_LIST of the argument types.
The TREE_VALUE of each node in this list is the type of the
corresponding argument; the TREE_PURPOSE is an expression for the
default argument value, if any. If the last node in the list is
void_list_node (a TREE_LIST node whose TREE_VALUE
is the void_type_node), then functions of this type do not take
variable arguments. Otherwise, they do take a variable number of
arguments.
Note that in C (but not in C++) a function declared like void f()
is an unprototyped function taking a variable number of arguments; the
TYPE_ARG_TYPES of such a function will be NULL.
METHOD_TYPE
FUNCTION_TYPE, the return type is given by the TREE_TYPE.
The type of *this, i.e., the class of which functions of this
type are a member, is given by the TYPE_METHOD_BASETYPE. The
TYPE_ARG_TYPES is the parameter list, as for a
FUNCTION_TYPE, and includes the this argument.
ARRAY_TYPE
TREE_TYPE gives the type of
the elements in the array. If the array-bound is present in the type,
the TYPE_DOMAIN is an INTEGER_TYPE whose
TYPE_MIN_VALUE and TYPE_MAX_VALUE will be the lower and
upper bounds of the array, respectively. The TYPE_MIN_VALUE will
always be an INTEGER_CST for zero, while the
TYPE_MAX_VALUE will be one less than the number of elements in
the array, i.e., the highest value which may be used to index an element
in the array.
RECORD_TYPE
struct and class types, as well as
pointers to member functions. If TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P holds, then
this type is a pointer-to-member type. In that case, the
TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE is a POINTER_TYPE pointing to a
METHOD_TYPE. The METHOD_TYPE is the type of a function
pointed to by the pointer-to-member function. If
TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P does not hold, this type is a class type. For
more information, see see section Classes.
UNKNOWN_TYPE
OFFSET_TYPE
POINTER_TYPE whose
TREE_TYPE is an OFFSET_TYPE. For a data member X::m
the TYPE_OFFSET_BASETYPE is X and the TREE_TYPE is
the type of m.
TYPENAME_TYPE
typename T::A. The
TYPE_CONTEXT is T; the TYPE_NAME is an
IDENTIFIER_NODE for A. If the type is specified via a
template-id, then TYPENAME_TYPE_FULLNAME yields a
TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR. The TREE_TYPE is non-NULL if the
node is implicitly generated in support for the implicit typename
extension; in which case the TREE_TYPE is a type node for the
base-class.
TYPEOF_TYPE
__typeof__ extension. The
TYPE_FIELDS is the expression the type of which is being
represented.
UNION_TYPE
union types. For more information, see section Classes.
There are variables whose values represent some of the basic types. These include:
void_type_node
void.
integer_type_node
int.
unsigned_type_node.
unsigned int.
char_type_node.
char.
It may sometimes be useful to compare one of these variables with a type
in hand, using same_type_p.
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