The GNU linker
GNU ¸µÄ¿ÀÎ ld
is meant to cover a broad range of situations,
and to be as compatible as possible with other linkers. As a result,
you have many choices to control its behavior.
ld
´Â ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ¿ëµµ·Î »ç¿ëµÇ°í,
°¡´ÉÇÑ ´Ù¸¥ ¸µÄ¿µé°ú ȣȯÀÌ µÇ°Ô ¼³°èµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ °á°ú·Î ½ÇÇàÀ» Á¦¾îÇÏ´Â
¸¹Àº ¿É¼ÇÀ» °¡Áø´Ù.
¸í·ÉÇà ¿É¼Ç
The linker supports a plethora of command-line options, but in actual
practice few of them are used in any particular context.
For instance, a frequent use of
¸µÄ¿¿¡´Â ¸Å¿ì ¸¹Àº ¸í·ÉÇà ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ÀÖÁö¸¸, ½ÇÁ¦ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â °ÍÀº ¼Ò¼öÀÌ´Ù.
¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ld
is to link standard Unix
object files on a standard, supported Unix system. On such a system, to
link a file hello.o
:
ld
ÀÇ ÈçÇÑ ¿ëµµ´Â À¯´Ð½º ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼ Ç¥ÁØ À¯´Ð½º
¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸µÅ©ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ °æ¿ì hello.o
ÆÄÀÏÀ»
¸µÅ©ÇÏ¿©¸é,
ld -o output /lib/crt0.o hello.o -lc
This tells
À§¿¡¼ ld
to produce a file called output as the
result of linking the file /lib/crt0.o
with hello.o
and
the library libc.a
, which will come from the standard search
directories. (See the discussion of the `-l' option below.)
ld
´Â /lib/crt0.o
, hello.o
¿Í
Ç¥ÁØ °Ë»ö µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¶óÀ̺귯¸® libc.a
¸¦ ¸µÅ©ÇÏ¿© °á°ú·Î
output¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. (`-l' ¿É¼ÇÀº ¾Æ·¡¼ ¼³¸íµÈ´Ù.)
Some of the command-line options to
¿©·¯ ¸í·ÉÇà ¿É¼ÇÀº ¸í·ÉÇà¿¡¼ ¾Æ¹« °÷À̳ª À§Ä¡Çصµ µÈ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª
`-l'³ª `-T'¿Í °°ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏ°ú °ü·ÃµÈ ¿É¼ÇÀÇ °æ¿ì,
¸í·ÉÇà¿¡¼ ¿É¼ÇÀÇ ¼ø¼´ë·Î ÆÄÀÏÀ» Àд´Ù. ÆÄÀÏ°ú °ü·ÃÀÌ ¾ø´Â ¿É¼ÇÀ»
¼·Î ´Ù¸¥ ¾Æ±Ô¸ÕÆ®¸¦ °¡Áö°í ¿©·¯¹ø »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ¹«È¿°¡ µÇ°Å³ª (¸í·ÉÇàÀÇ ¿ÞÂÊ) ÀüÀÇ
¿É¼ÇÀ» ¹«½ÃÇÑ´Ù. ¿©·¯¹ø ¹Ýº¹µÇµµ µÇ´Â ¿É¼ÇÀº ¾Æ·¡ ¿É¼Ç ¼³¸í¿¡ ¸í½ÃµÈ´Ù.
ld
may be specified at any
point in the command line. However, options which refer to files, such
as `-l' or `-T', cause the file to be read at the point at
which the option appears in the command line, relative to the object
files and other file options. Repeating non-file options with a
different argument will either have no further effect, or override prior
occurrences (those further to the left on the command line) of that
option. Options which may be meaningfully specified more than once are
noted in the descriptions below.
Non-option arguments are object files or archives which are to be linked
together. They may follow, precede, or be mixed in with command-line
options, except that an object file argument may not be placed between
an option and its argument.
¿É¼ÇÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ¾Æ±Ô¸ÕÆ®´Â ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏÀ̰ųª °°ÀÌ ¸µÅ©µÉ ¾ÆÄ«À̺ê ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù.
À̵éÀº ¿É¼Ç°ú ¿É¼ÇÀÇ ¾Æ±Ô¸ÕÆ® »çÀ̸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í´Â ¸í·ÉÇà ¾îµð¿¡µµ À§Ä¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
Usually the linker is invoked with at least one object file, but you can
specify other forms of binary input files using `-l', `-R',
and the script command language. If no binary input files at all
are specified, the linker does not produce any output, and issues the
message `No input files'.
¸µÄ¿´Â º¸Åë ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ ÇÑ ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏÀ» °¡Áö°í ½ÇÇàµÈ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª
`-l', `-R' ¿É¼ÇÀ̳ª ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® ¸í·É ¾ð¾î·Îµµ
ÀÔ·Â ÆÄÀÏÀ» ÁöÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¾î¶² ÀÌÁø ÀÔ·Â ÆÄÀϵµ ÁÖ¾îÁöÁö ¾Ê´Ù¸é,
¸µÄ¿´Â ¾î¶² Ãâ·Â ÆÄÀϵµ ¸¸µéÁö¾Ê°í `No input files'¶ó°í
Ãâ·ÂÀ» ÇÑ´Ù.
If the linker can not recognize the format of an object file, it will
assume that it is a linker script. A script specified in this way
augments the main linker script used for the link (either the default
linker script or the one specified by using `-T'). This feature
permits the linker to link against a file which appears to be an object
or an archive, but actually merely defines some symbol values, or uses
¸µÄ¿°¡ ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ Çü½ÄÀ» ¾Ë¾Æ³»Áö ¸øÇϸé, À̸¦ ¸µÄ¿ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®·Î °£ÁÖÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÁÖ¾îÁø ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®´Â ÁÖ ¸µÄ¿ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦ (±âº» ¸µÄ¿ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®³ª
`-T' ¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®) º¸¿ÏÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ·± ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏÀ̳ª ¾ÆÄ«À̺ê ÆÄÀÏó·³ º¸ÀÌ´Â ÆÄÀϵéÀ»
¸µÅ©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, ½ÇÁ¦·Î ½Éº¼°ªÀ» Á¤ÀÇÇϰųª
´Ù¸¥ ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ®¸¦ ÀоîµéÀ̱â À§ÇØ
INPUT
or GROUP
to load other objects. Note that
specifying a script in this way should only be used to augment the main
linker script; if you want to use some command that logically can only
appear once, such as the SECTIONS
or MEMORY
command, you
must replace the default linker script using the `-T' option.
See section Linker Scripts.
INPUT
, GROUP
À» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÁÖ¾îÁø ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®´Â
ÁÖ ¸µÄ¿ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦ º¸¿ÏÇϴµ¥¸¸ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ÁÖÀÇÇ϶ó.
¸¸¾à SECTIONS
³ª MEMORY
¸í·É¾î¿Í °°ÀÌ Àǹ̻ó Çѹø¸¸
³ª¿Í¾ßÇÏ´Â ¸í·É¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¸é, `-T' ¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î ±âº» ¸µÄ¿
½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦ ´ëüÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Linker Scripts¸¦
Âü°íÇ϶ó.
For options whose names are a single letter,
option arguments must either follow the option letter without intervening
whitespace, or be given as separate arguments immediately following the
option that requires them.
À̸§ÀÌ ÇÑ ¹®ÀÚÀÎ ¿É¼ÇÀÇ ¾Æ±Ô¸ÕÆ®´Â °ø¹é ¾øÀÌ ¿É¼Ç ¹®ÀÚ ¹Ù·Î µÚ¿¡ Àû°Å³ª
¿É¼Ç µÚ¿¡ ¾Æ±Ô¸ÕÆ®·Î Àû¾îÁÖ¸é µÈ´Ù.
For options whose names are multiple letters, either one dash or two can
precede the option name; for example, `-trace-symbol' and
`--trace-symbol' are equivalent. Note - there is one exception to
this rule. Multiple letter options that start with a lower case 'o' can
only be preceeded by two dashes. This is to reduce confusion with the
`-o' option. So for example `-omagic' sets the output file
name to `magic' whereas `--omagic' sets the NMAGIC flag on the
output.
À̸§ÀÌ ¿©·¯ ¹®ÀÚÀÎ ¿É¼ÇÀº ¿É¼Ç À̸§ ¾Õ¿¡ Çϳª³ª µÎ°³ÀÇ »©±â ±âÈ£¸¦ ¾´´Ù.
¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, `-trace-symbol'¿Í `--trace-symbol'´Â
µ¿ÀÏÇÏ´Ù. ÁÖÀÇ! ÀÌ ±ÔÄ¢¿¡ ¿¹¿Ü°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿©·¯ ¹®ÀÚ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ¼Ò¹®ÀÚ 'o'·Î ½ÃÀÛÇϸé
`-o ¿É¼Ç°ú È¥µ¿À» ÇÇÇϱâ À§Çؼ »©±â ±âÈ£¸¦ µÎ°³ ½áÁà¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
±×·¡¼ `-omagicÀº Ãâ·Â ÆÄÀÏÀ̸§À» `magic'À¸·Î ÇÏ°í,
`--omagic'Àº Ãâ·Â¿¡ NMAGIC Ç÷¡±×¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.
Arguments to multiple-letter options must either be separated from the
option name by an equals sign, or be given as separate arguments
immediately following the option that requires them. For example,
`--trace-symbol foo' and `--trace-symbol=foo' are equivalent.
Unique abbreviations of the names of multiple-letter options are
accepted.
¿©·¯ ¹®ÀÚ ¿É¼ÇÀÇ ¾Æ±Ô¸ÕÆ®´Â ¿É¼Ç°ú µîÈ£·Î ¿¬°áµÇ°Å³ª ¿É¼Ç µÚ¿¡ µ¶¸³µÈ ¾Æ±Ô¸ÕÆ®·Î
ÁÖ¾îÁø´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, `--trace-symbol foo'¿Í
`--trace-symbol=foo'´Â µ¿ÀÏÇÏ´Ù. ¿©·¯ ¹®ÀÚ ¿É¼ÇÀÇ ÁÙÀÎ À̸§µµ ÀÖ´Ù.
Note - if the linker is being invoked indirectly, via a compiler driver
(eg `gcc') then all the linker command line options should be
prefixed by `-Wl,' (or whatever is appropriate for the particular
compiler driver) like this:
ÁÖÀÇ! ¸µÄ¿°¡ `gcc' °°Àº ÄÄÆÄÀÏ·¯ µå¶óÀ̹ö¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °£Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î
½ÇÇàµÈ´Ù¸é, ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¸µÄ¿ ¿É¼Ç ¾Õ¿¡ `-Wl,'À»
(ȤÀº ƯÁ¤ ÄÄÆÄÀÏ·¯ µå¶óÀ̹ö¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â) ºÙ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
gcc -Wl,--startgroup foo.o bar.o -Wl,--endgroup
This is important, because otherwise the compiler driver program may
silently drop the linker options, resulting in a bad link.
±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ÄÄÆÄÀÏ·¯ µå¶óÀ̹ö ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ¸µÄ¿ ¿É¼ÇÀ» ¹«½ÃÇÏ¿© ¸µÅ©¸¦
À߸øÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
Here is a table of the generic command line switches accepted by the GNU
linker:
´ÙÀ½Àº GNU ¸µÄ¿ÀÇ ÀÏ¹Ý ¸í·ÉÇà ¿É¼ÇµéÀÌ´Ù.
-akeyword
-Aarchitecture
--architecture=architecture
ld
, this option is useful only for the
Intel 960 family of architectures. In that ld
configuration, the
architecture argument identifies the particular architecture in
the 960 family, enabling some safeguards and modifying the
archive-library search path. See section ld
and the Intel 960 family, for details.
Future releases of ld
may support similar functionality for
other architecture families.
ld
and the Intel 960 familyÀ» Âü°íÇ϶ó.
¾ÕÀ¸·Î ´Ù¸¥ ¾ÆÅ°ÅØÃÄ °è¿¿¡¼µµ ºñ½ÁÇÑ ±â´ÉÀ» Áö¿øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
-b input-format
--format=input-format
ld
may be configured to support more than one kind of object
file. If your ld
is configured this way, you can use the
`-b' option to specify the binary format for input object files
that follow this option on the command line. Even when ld
is
configured to support alternative object formats, you don't usually need
to specify this, as ld
should be configured to expect as a
default input format the most usual format on each machine.
input-format is a text string, the name of a particular format
supported by the BFD libraries. (You can list the available binary
formats with `objdump -i'.)
See section BFD.
You may want to use this option if you are linking files with an unusual
binary format. You can also use `-b' to switch formats explicitly (when
linking object files of different formats), by including
`-b input-format' before each group of object files in a
particular format.
The default format is taken from the environment variable
GNUTARGET
.
See section Environment Variables.
You can also define the input format from a script, using the command
TARGET
; see section Commands dealing with object file formats.
ld
´Â ¿©·¯°³ÀÇ ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ Çü½ÄÀ» Áö¿øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¸¾à ±×·¸´Ù¸é
`-b' ¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î ÀÌ ¿É¼Ç µÚ¿¡ ³ª¿À´Â ÀÔ·Â ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏÀÇ Çü½ÄÀ»
ÁöÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª À̸¦ ÁöÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æµµ ld
´Â °¢ Ç÷¡Æû¿¡¼
°¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ ¾²ÀÌ´Â Çü½ÄÀ» ±âº» Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î °í·ÁÇÑ´Ù. input-formatÀº
¹®ÀÚ¿·Î BFD ¶óÀ̺귯¸®°¡ Áö¿øÇÏ´Â Çü½ÄÀÇ À̸§ÀÌ´Ù. (°¡´ÉÇÑ Çü½ÄÀº
`objdump -i'·Î È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.)
BFD¸¦ ÂüÁ¶Ç϶ó.
º¸Åë ¸¹ÀÌ ¾²ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â Çü½ÄÀÇ ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸µÅ©ÇÒ ¶§, ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
¶Ç, ¿©·¯ ´Ù¸¥ Çü½ÄÀÇ ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸µÅ©ÇÒ ¶§ °¢ Çü½ÄÀÇ ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ®
ÆÄÀÏµé ¾Õ¿¡ `-b input-format'¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿©
¸í½ÃÀûÀ¸·Î Çü½ÄÀ» º¯È¯ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
±âº» Çü½ÄÀº ȯ°æº¯¼ö GNUTARGET
¿¡¼ ÀоîµéÀδÙ.
Environment Variables¸¦ Âü°íÇ϶ó.
¶Ç, TARGET
¸í·É¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¿¡¼ ÀÔ·Â Çü½ÄÀ»
Á¤ÀÇÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
Commands dealing with object file formats¸¦
Âü°íÇ϶ó.
-c MRI-commandfile
--mri-script=MRI-commandfile
ld
accepts script
files written in an alternate, restricted command language, described in
section MRI Compatible Script Files. Introduce MRI script files with
the option `-c'; use the `-T' option to run linker
scripts written in the general-purpose ld
scripting language.
If MRI-cmdfile does not exist, ld
looks for it in the directories
specified by any `-L' options.
ld
´Â
MRI Compatible Script Files¿¡ ¼³¸íµÈ
º°µµÀÇ Á¦ÇÑµÈ ¸í·É ¾ð¾î¸¦ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀδÙ. MRI ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® ÆÄÀÏÀº `-c' ¿É¼Ç°ú
ÇÔ²² »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. (¹ü¿ë ld
½ºÅ©¸³Æ® ¾ð¾î·Î ¾²¿©Áø ÆÄÀÏÀº `-T'
¿É¼Ç°ú ÇÔ²² »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.) MRI-cmdfileÀ» ãÁö¸øÇϸé, `-L'
¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼ ã´Â´Ù.
-d
-dc
-dp
FORCE_COMMON_ALLOCATION
has the same effect.
See section Other linker script commands.
FORCE_COMMON_ALLOCATION
µµ
°°Àº ±â´ÉÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. Other linker script commands¸¦
ÂüÁ¶Ç϶ó.
-e entry
--entry=entry
-E
--export-dynamic
dlopen
to load a dynamic object which needs to refer
back to the symbols defined by the program, rather than some other
dynamic object, then you will probably need to use this option when
linking the program itself.
dlopen
À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡¼ Á¤ÀÇÇÑ ½Éº¼À» ³ªÁß¿¡
ÂüÁ¶ÇÏ´Â µ¿Àû °´Ã¼¸¦ ÀоîµéÀÎ´Ù¸é ¾Æ¸¶µµ ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
-EB
-EL
-f
--auxiliary name
-F name
--filter name
-F
option throughout a compilation
toolchain for specifying object-file format for both input and output
object files. The GNU linker uses other mechanisms for this
purpose: the -b
, --format
, --oformat
options, the
TARGET
command in linker scripts, and the GNUTARGET
environment variable. The GNU linker will ignore the -F
option when not creating an ELF shared object.
-F
¿É¼ÇÀ» »ç¿ëÇß´Ù. GNU ¸µÄ¿´Â ÀÌ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î,
-b
, --format
, --oformat
¿É¼Ç°ú
½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¿¡¼ TARGET
¸í·É¾î, ȯ°æº¯¼ö GNUTARGET
À» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
GNU ¸µÄ¿´Â ELF °øÀ¯ °´Ã¼¸¦ ¸¸µéÁö ¾Ê´Ù¸é -F
¿É¼ÇÀ» ¹«½ÃÇÑ´Ù.
-fini name
_fini
¸¦
»ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
-g
-Gvalue
--gpsize=value
-hname
-soname=name
-i
-init name
_init
as the
function to call.
_init
¸¦
»ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
-larchive
--library=archive
ld
will search its
path-list for occurrences of libarchive.a
for every
archive specified.
On systems which support shared libraries, ld
may also search for
libraries with extensions other than .a
. Specifically, on ELF
and SunOS systems, ld
will search a directory for a library with
an extension of .so
before searching for one with an extension of
.a
. By convention, a .so
extension indicates a shared
library.
The linker will search an archive only once, at the location where it is
specified on the command line. If the archive defines a symbol which
was undefined in some object which appeared before the archive on the
command line, the linker will include the appropriate file(s) from the
archive. However, an undefined symbol in an object appearing later on
the command line will not cause the linker to search the archive again.
ld
´Â
ÀÚü Æнº¿¡¼ libarchive.a
¸¦ ã´Â´Ù.
°øÀ¯ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦ Áö¿øÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼´Â .a
¿ÜÀÇ È®ÀåÀÚ¸¦ °¡Áø
¶óÀ̺귯¸®µµ ã´Â´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ELF¿Í SunOS ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼ .a
È®ÀåÀÚ¸¦
°¡Áø ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦ ã±â Àü¿¡ .so
È®ÀåÀÚ¸¦ °¡Áø ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦ ã´Â´Ù.
°ü½ÀÀ¸·Î .so
È®ÀåÀÚ´Â °øÀ¯ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù.
¸µÄ¿´Â ¸í·ÉÇà¿¡ ÁÖ¾îÁø À§Ä¡¿¡¼ ´Ü Çѹø¸¸ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦ ã´Â´Ù.
¸í·ÉÇà¿¡¼ ¶óÀ̺귯¸® Àü¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ Á¤ÀǵÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ½Éº¼À» ¶óÀ̺귯¸®°¡
Á¤ÀÇÇϸé, ¸µÄ¿´Â ¶óÀ̺귯¸®·Î ºÎÅÍ Àû´çÇÑ ÆÄÀÏÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ¸í·ÉÇà¿¡¼ µÚ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ ÆÄÀÏÀÇ Á¤ÀǵÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ½Éº¼Àº ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¿¡¼
´Ù½Ã ãÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
See the -(
option for a way to force the linker to search
archives multiple times.
You may list the same archive multiple times on the command line.
This type of archive searching is standard for Unix linkers. However,
if you are using ld
on AIX, note that it is different from the
behaviour of the AIX linker.
-(
¿É¼ÇÀ» Âü°íÇ϶ó.
¶Ç, ¸í·ÉÇà¿¡¼ °°Àº ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦ ¿©·¯¹ø ¸í½ÃÇصµ µÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ·± ¶óÀ̺귯¸® °Ë»öÀº À¯´Ð½º ¸µÄ¿ÀÇ Ç¥ÁØÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª AIXÀÇ AIX ¸µÄ¿´Â
´Ù¸¥ ÇൿÀ» ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» À¯ÀÇÇ϶ó.
-Lsearchdir
--library-path=searchdir
ld
will search
for archive libraries and ld
control scripts. You may use this
option any number of times. The directories are searched in the order
in which they are specified on the command line. Directories specified
on the command line are searched before the default directories. All
-L
options apply to all -l
options, regardless of the
order in which the options appear.
The default set of paths searched (without being specified with
`-L') depends on which emulation mode ld
is using, and in
some cases also on how it was configured. See section Environment Variables.
The paths can also be specified in a link script with the
SEARCH_DIR
command. Directories specified this way are searched
at the point in which the linker script appears in the command line.
ld
°¡ ¾ÆÄ«ÀÌºê ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¿Í ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸£¸£ ã´Â Æнº ¸ñ·Ï¿¡
searchdirÀ» Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ¿©·¯¹ø »ç¿ëÇصµ µÈ´Ù.
µð·ºÅ丮´Â ¸í·ÉÇà¿¡ ÁÖ¾îÁø ¼ø¼·Î °Ë»öµÈ´Ù. ¸í·ÉÇà¿¡ ÁÖ¾îÁø µð·ºÅ丮´Â
±âº» µð·ºÅ丮 Àü¿¡ °Ë»öµÈ´Ù. ¸ðµç -L
¿É¼ÇÀº ¿É¼ÇÀÇ ¼ø¼¿Í
°ü°è¾øÀÌ ¸ðµç -l
¿É¼Ç¿¡ Àû¿ëµÈ´Ù.
±âº» Æнº´Â ld
°¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¿¡¹Ä·¹ÀÌ¼Ç ¸ðµå¿Í ¾î¶»°Ô ±¸¼ºµÇ¾ú³Ä¿¡
µû¶ó ´Ù¸£´Ù. Environment Variables¸¦ Âü°íÇ϶ó.
Æнº´Â ¸µÅ© ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¿¡¼ SEARCH_DIR
¸í·É¾î·Îµµ ÁöÁ¤µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ÁöÁ¤µÈ µð·ºÅ丮´Â ¸í·ÉÇà¿¡¼ ¸µÄ¿ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®ÀÇ À§Ä¡¿¡¼
°Ë»öµÈ´Ù.
-memulation
LDEMULATION
environment variable, if that is defined.
Otherwise, the default emulation depends upon how the linker was
configured.
LDEMULATION
ȯ°æº¯¼ö°¡ Á¤ÀǵÇÀÖ´Ù¸é
À̸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
Á¤ÀǵÇÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù¸é ±âº» ¿¡¹Ä·¹À̼ÇÀº ¸µÄ¿°¡ ±¸¼ºµÈ ¹æ½Ä¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸£´Ù.
-M
--print-map
-n
--nmagic
NMAGIC
if possible.
NMAGIC
À¸·Î Ç¥½ÃÇÑ´Ù.
(¿ªÁÖ; NMAGIC
Àº a.out ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ Çü½ÄÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾ÀÌ´Ù.)
-N
--omagic
OMAGIC
.
OMAGIC
À¸·Î Ç¥½ÃÇÑ´Ù.
(¿ªÁÖ; OMAGIC
Àº a.out ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ Çü½ÄÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾ÀÌ´Ù.)
-o output
--output=output
ld
; if this
option is not specified, the name `a.out' is used by default. The
script command OUTPUT
can also specify the output file name.
ld
ÀÇ °á°ú·Î »ý¼ºµÉ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ À̸§À» outputÀ¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î `a.out'ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® ¸í·É¾î
OUTPUT
µµ Ãâ·ÂÆÄÀÏ À̸§À» Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.
-O level
ld
optimizes
the output. This might take significantly longer and therefore probably
should only be enabled for the final binary.
ld
´Â Ãâ·ÂÀ» ÃÖÀûÈÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ °úÁ¤Àº »ó´çÈ÷ ±æ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¾Æ¸¶µµ ¸¶Áö¸·¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
-q
--emit-relocs
-r
--relocateable
ld
. This is often called partial
linking. As a side effect, in environments that support standard Unix
magic numbers, this option also sets the output file's magic number to
OMAGIC
.
If this option is not specified, an absolute file is produced. When
linking C++ programs, this option will not resolve references to
constructors; to do that, use `-Ur'.
This option does the same thing as `-i'.
ld
ÀÇ ÀÔ·ÂÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö
ÀÖ´Â Ãâ·ÂÀ» ¸¸µç´Ù. ÀÌ´Â º¸Åë ºÎºÐ ¸µÅ·À̶ó ºÒ¸°´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ Ç¥ÁØ
À¯´Ð½º ¸ÅÁ÷³Ñ¹ö¸¦ Áö¿øÇÑ´Ù¸é ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº Ãâ·ÂÆÄÀÏÀÇ ¸ÅÁ÷³Ñ¹ö¸¦
OMAGIC
À¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
(¿ªÁÖ; OMAGIC
Àº a.out ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ Çü½ÄÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾ÀÌ´Ù.)
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é Àý´ë ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ¸¸µé¾î Áø´Ù. C++ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ¸µÅ©ÇÒ ¶§ ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº
»ý¼ºÀÚÀÇ ÂüÁ¶¸¦ ¸®Á¹ºêÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. À̸¦ À§Çؼ -R filename
--just-symbols=filename
-R
option is
followed by a directory name, rather than a file name, it is treated as
the -rpath
option.
-R
¿É¼Ç ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ÆÄÀÏÀ̸§ ´ë½Å
µð·ºÅ丮 À̸§ÀÌ ³ª¿Ã °æ¿ì -rpath
¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î Ãë±ÞµÈ´Ù.
-s
--strip-all
-S
--strip-debug
-t
--trace
ld
processes them.
-T scriptfile
--script=scriptfile
ld
's default linker script (rather than adding to it), so
commandfile must specify everything necessary to describe the
output file. You must use this option if you want to use a command
which can only appear once in a linker script, such as the
SECTIONS
or MEMORY
command. See section Linker Scripts. If
scriptfile does not exist in the current directory, ld
looks for it in the directories specified by any preceding `-L'
options. Multiple `-T' options accumulate.
SECTIONS
³ª
MEMORY
¸í·É¾î¿Í °°ÀÌ ¸µÄ¿ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¿¡¼ ´Ü Çѹø¸¸ »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â
¸í·É¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¸é ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
Linker Scripts¸¦ ÂüÁ¶Ç϶ó. scriptfileÀÌ
ÇöÀç µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ ¾ø´Ù¸é ±× Àü `-L' ¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î ÁöÁ¤µÈ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼
ã´Â´Ù. ¿©·¯ `-T' ¿É¼ÇÀÇ ³»¿ëÀº ¼·Î ÃàÀûµÈ´Ù.
-u symbol
--undefined=symbol
EXTERN
linker script command.
EXTERN
¸í·É¾îµµ °°Àº ±â´ÉÀ»
ÇÑ´Ù.
-Ur
ld
. When linking C++ programs, `-Ur'
does resolve references to constructors, unlike `-r'.
It does not work to use `-Ur' on files that were themselves linked
with `-Ur'; once the constructor table has been built, it cannot
be added to. Use `-Ur' only for the last partial link, and
`-r' for the others.
--unique[=SECTION]
-v
--version
-V
ld
. The -V
option also
lists the supported emulations.
ld
ÀÇ ¹öÀüÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù. -V
¿É¼ÇÀº Áö¿øµÇ´Â
¿¡¹Ä·¹À̼ǵµ °°ÀÌ Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
-x
--discard-all
-X
--discard-locals
-y symbol
--trace-symbol=symbol
-Y path
-z keyword
initfirst
, interpose
,
loadfltr
, nodefaultlib
, nodelete
, nodlopen
,
nodump
, now
and origin
. The other keywords are
ignored for Solaris compatibility. initfirst
marks the object
to be initialized first at runtime before any other objects.
interpose
marks the object that its symbol table interposes
before all symbols but the primary executable. loadfltr
marks
the object that its filtees be processed immediately at runtime.
nodefaultlib
marks the object that the search for dependencies
of this object will ignore any default library search paths.
nodelete
marks the object shouldn't be unloaded at runtime.
nodlopen
marks the object not available to dlopen
.
nodump
marks the object can not be dumped by dldump
.
now
marks the object with the non-lazy runtime binding.
origin
marks the object may contain $ORIGIN.
defs
disallows undefined symbols.
initfirst
, interpose
,
loadfltr
, nodefaultlib
, nodelete
,
nodlopen
, nodump
, now
, origin
ÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ Å°¿öµå´Â Solaris¿Í ȣȯÀ» À§ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹«½ÃµÈ´Ù.
initfirst
´Â °´Ã¼°¡ ½ÇÇà Áß ´Ù¸¥ °´Ã¼ º¸´Ù ¸ÕÀú Ãʱâȵǵµ·Ï
Ç¥½ÃÇÑ´Ù. interpose
´Â °´Ã¼ÀÇ ½Éº¼Ç¥¸¦ ÁÖ ½ÇÇàÆÄÀÏÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÑ
¸ðµç ½Éº¼ Àü¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃŲ´Ù.
loadfltr
´Â °´Ã¼¿¡ ½ÇÇà Áß ÀÌ °´Ã¼·Î ÇÊÅÍÇÏ´Â °´Ã¼°¡ Áï½Ã
ó¸®µÇ°Ô Ç¥½ÃÇÑ´Ù. nodefaultlib
´Â °´Ã¼ÀÇ ÀÇÁ¸À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¶§
±âº» ¶óÀ̺귯¸® °Ë»ö Æнº¸¦ ¹«½ÃÇϵµ·Ï Ç¥½ÃÇÑ´Ù. nodelete
´Â
°´Ã¼°¡ ½ÇÇà Áß¿¡ ¾ð·ÎµåµÇÁö ¾Ê°Ô Ç¥½ÃÇÑ´Ù. nodlopen
´Â
°´Ã¼°¡ dlopen
·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô Ç¥½ÃÇÑ´Ù. nodump
´Â
°´Ã¼°¡ dldump
·Î ´ýÇÁµÉ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô Ç¥½ÃÇÑ´Ù. now
´Â
°´Ã¼¸¦ ½ÇÇà Áß ·¹ÀÌÁö¹ÙÀεù(lazy binding) ÇÏÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï Ç¥½ÃÇÑ´Ù.
origin
Àº °´Ã¼°¡ $ORGINÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í Ç¥½ÃÇÑ´Ù.
defs
´Â Á¤ÀǵÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ½Éº¼À» Çã¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
-( archives -)
--start-group archives --end-group
-assert keyword
-Bdynamic
-dy
-call_shared
-l
options which follow it.
-l
¿É¼ÇÀÇ ¶óÀ̺귯¸® °Ë»ö¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁØ´Ù.
-Bgroup
DF_1_GROUP
flag in the DT_FLAGS_1
entry in the dynamic
section. This causes the runtime linker to handle lookups in this
object and its dependencies to be performed only inside the group.
--no-undefined
is implied. This option is only meaningful on ELF
platforms which support shared libraries.
DT_FLAGS_1
Ç׸ñ¿¡ DF_1_GROUP
Ç÷¡±×¸¦
¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ½ÇÇà Áß ¸µÄ¿°¡ ÀÌ °´Ã¼¿Í ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ´Â °´Ã¼¿¡¼ °Ë»öÀ»
±×·ì ¾È¿¡¼¸¸ ¼öÇàµÇµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. --no-undefined
¿É¼ÇÀº °¡Á¤µÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº °øÀ¯ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦ Áö¿øÇÏ´Â ELF Ç÷¡Æû¿¡¼¸¸ Àǹ̰¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
-Bstatic
-dn
-non_shared
-static
-l
options which follow it.
-l
¿É¼ÇÀÇ ¶óÀ̺귯¸® °Ë»ö¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁØ´Ù.
-Bsymbolic
--check-sections
--no-check-sections
--cref
--defsym symbol=expression
+
and -
to add or subtract hexadecimal
constants or symbols. If you need more elaborate expressions, consider
using the linker command language from a script (see section Assigning Values to Symbols). Note: there should be no white
space between symbol, the equals sign ("="), and
expression.
+
, -
¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ´õ º¹ÀâÇÑ ¿¬»êÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇϸé
¸µÄ¿ ¸í·É ¾ð¾î ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦ (Assigning Values to Symbols
Âü°í) »ç¿ëÇضó. ÁÖÀÇ! symbol°ú µîÈ£ ("="),
expression »çÀÌ¿¡ °ø¹éÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.
--demangle[=style]
--no-demangle
--dynamic-linker file
--embedded-relocs
--force-exe-suffix
.exe
or .dll
suffix, this option forces the linker to copy
the output file to one of the same name with a .exe
suffix. This
option is useful when using unmodified Unix makefiles on a Microsoft
Windows host, since some versions of Windows won't run an image unless
it ends in a .exe
suffix.
.exe
³ª
.dll
È®ÀåÀÚ¸¦ °¡ÁöÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é, ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº °á°úÆÄÀÏÀ»
°°Àº À̸§¿¡ .exe
È®ÀåÀÚ¸¦ °¡Áø ÆÄÀÏ·Î º¹»çÇÑ´Ù.
¸î¸î Winodws°¡ .exe
È®ÀåÀÚ°¡ ¾ø´Ù¸é ½ÇÇàÆÄÀÏÀ» ½ÇÇàÇÏÁö
¸øÇÏÁö ¶§¹®¿¡, ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº Microsoft Windows¿¡¼ À¯´Ð½º makefileÀ»
¼öÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í »ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§ À¯¿ëÇÏ´Ù.
--no-gc-sections
--gc-sections
--help
--target-help
-Map mapfile
--no-keep-memory
ld
normally optimizes for speed over memory usage by caching the
symbol tables of input files in memory. This option tells ld
to
instead optimize for memory usage, by rereading the symbol tables as
necessary. This may be required if ld
runs out of memory space
while linking a large executable.
ld
´Â ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î ¸Þ¸ð¸®¿¡ ÀÔ·ÂÆÄÀÏÀÇ ½Éº¼Ç¥¸¦ ÀúÀåÇÏ¿©
(¸Þ¸ð¸® º¸´Ù´Â) ¼Óµµ¿¡ ÃÖÀûÈÇÏ¿© ½ÇÇàµÈ´Ù. ´ë½Å ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ÇÊ¿äÇÒ ¶§¸¶´Ù
½Éº¼Ç¥¸¦ Àоîµé¿©¼ ¸Þ¸ð¸® »ç¿ëÀ» ÃÖ¼ÒÈÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº Å« ½ÇÇàÆÄÀÏÀ»
¸µÅ©ÇÒ ¶§ ¸Þ¸ð¸® ºÎÁ·ÇØÁø´Ù¸é ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
--no-undefined
-z defs
--allow-shlib-undefined
--no-warn-mismatch
ld
will give an error if you try to link together input
files that are mismatched for some reason, perhaps because they have
been compiled for different processors or for different endiannesses.
This option tells ld
that it should silently permit such possible
errors. This option should only be used with care, in cases when you
have taken some special action that ensures that the linker errors are
inappropriate.
ld
´Â ÀÔ·ÂÆÄÀϵéÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ CPU³ª endianÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÄÄÆÄÀÏ µÈ
°Í°ú °°Àº ÀÌÀ¯·Î ÀÔ·ÂÆÄÀÏµé °£¿¡ ºÒÀÏÄ¡°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ¸é ¿À·ù¸¦ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ÀÌ·± ¿À·ù¸¦ Á¶¿ëÈ÷ ³Ñ¾î°¡°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº
¸µÄ¿ÀÇ ¿À·ù°¡ ºÎÀûÀýÇÑ °ÍÀÓÀÌ È®½ÇÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡¸¸ ÁÖÀÇÀÖ°Ô »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
--no-whole-archive
--whole-archive
option for subsequent
archive files.
--whole-archive
¿É¼Ç È¿°ú¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇÑ´Ù.
--noinhibit-exec
--oformat output-format
ld
may be configured to support more than one kind of object
file. If your ld
is configured this way, you can use the
`--oformat' option to specify the binary format for the output
object file. Even when ld
is configured to support alternative
object formats, you don't usually need to specify this, as ld
should be configured to produce as a default output format the most
usual format on each machine. output-format is a text string, the
name of a particular format supported by the BFD libraries. (You can
list the available binary formats with `objdump -i'.) The script
command OUTPUT_FORMAT
can also specify the output format, but
this option overrides it. See section BFD.
ld
´Â ¿©·¯ Á¾·ùÀÇ ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ Çü½ÄÀ» Áö¿øÇϵµ·Ï ¼³Á¤µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¼³Á¤µÇ¾ú´Ù¸é `--oformat' ¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î Ãâ·Â ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏÀÇ
Çü½ÄÀ» ÁöÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °¢ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ °¡Àå ÈçÇÑ Çü½ÄÀ» ±âº» Ãâ·Â Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î
»ç¿ëÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» Ç×»ó »ç¿ëÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø´Ù. output-format´Â
¹®ÀÚ¿·Î BFD ¶óÀ̺귯¸®°¡ Áö¿øÇÏ´Â Çü½ÄÀÇ À̸§ÀÌ´Ù. (»ç¿ë°¡´ÉÇÑ
Çü½ÄÀº `objdump -i'À¸·Î ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.) ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® ¸í·É¾î
OUTPUT_FORMAT
µµ Ãâ·Â Çü½ÄÀ» ÁöÁ¤ÇÏÁö¸¸, ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ
¿ì¼±¼øÀ§¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. BFD¸¦ Âü°íÇ϶ó.
-qmagic
-Qy
--relax
ld
and the H8/300.
See section ld
and the Intel 960 family.
On some platforms, the `--relax' option performs global
optimizations that become possible when the linker resolves addressing
in the program, such as relaxing address modes and synthesizing new
instructions in the output object file.
On some platforms these link time global optimizations may make symbolic
debugging of the resulting executable impossible.
This is known to be
the case for the Matsushita MN10200 and MN10300 family of processors.
On platforms where this is not supported, `--relax' is accepted,
but ignored.
ld
and the H8/300¿Í
ld
and the Intel 960 family¸¦
Âü°íÇ϶ó.
¾î¶² Ç÷¡Æû¿¡¼ `--relax' ¿É¼ÇÀº Ãâ·Â ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼
ÁÖ¼ÒÇü½ÄÀ» ¹Ù²Ù°Å³ª »õ·Î¿î ¸í·É¾î¸¦ ÇÕ¼ºÇÏ´Â °Í°ú °°ÀÌ ¸µÄ¿°¡
ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ¸®Á¹ºêÇÒ ¶§ °¡´ÉÇÑ Àü¿ª ÃÖÀûȸ¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù.
¾î¶² Ç÷¡Æû¿¡¼ ÀÌ Àü¿ª ÃÖÀûÈ´Â °á°ú ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ µð¹ö±× ½Éº¼À»
»ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô ¸¸µç´Ù. ¿¹·Î Matsushita MN10200¿Í MN10300 °è¿ÀÌ ±×·¯ÇÏ´Ù.
±âŸ Ç÷¡Æû¿¡¼ ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ¹«½ÃµÈ´Ù.
--retain-symbols-file filename
-rpath dir
-rpath
arguments are concatenated and passed to the runtime linker, which uses
them to locate shared objects at runtime. The -rpath
option is
also used when locating shared objects which are needed by shared
objects explicitly included in the link; see the description of the
-rpath-link
option. If -rpath
is not used when linking an
ELF executable, the contents of the environment variable
LD_RUN_PATH
will be used if it is defined.
The -rpath
option may also be used on SunOS. By default, on
SunOS, the linker will form a runtime search patch out of all the
-L
options it is given. If a -rpath
option is used, the
runtime search path will be formed exclusively using the -rpath
options, ignoring the -L
options. This can be useful when using
gcc, which adds many -L
options which may be on NFS mounted
filesystems.
For compatibility with other ELF linkers, if the -R
option is
followed by a directory name, rather than a file name, it is treated as
the -rpath
option.
-rpath
¾Æ±Ô¸ÕÆ®´Â ¸ð¾ÆÁ®¼ ½ÇÇà Áß ¸µÄ¿°¡
°øÀ¯ °´Ã¼¸¦ ã´Âµ¥ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ¶Ç ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ¸µÅ©¿¡ ¸í½ÃÀûÀ¸·Î
Æ÷Ç﵃ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ´Â °øÀ¯ °´Ã¼¸¦ Áö½ÃÇϴµ¥µµ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
-rpath-link
¿É¼Ç ¼³¸íÀ» ÂüÁ¶Ç϶ó. ELF ½ÇÇàÆÄÀÏÀ»
¸µÅ©ÇÒ ¶§ ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê°í LD_RUN_PATH
ȯ°æº¯¼ö°¡ Á¤ÀǵÇÀÖ´Ù¸é ÀÌ È¯°æº¯¼öÀÇ ³»¿ëÀÌ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº SunOS¿¡¼µµ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. SunOS¿¡¼ ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î
¸µÄ¿´Â ÁÖ¾îÁø -L
¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î ½ÇÇà Áß °Ë»ö Æнº¸¦
¸¸µç´Ù. ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ¸é -L
¿É¼ÇÀº ¹«½ÃÇÏ°í,
¿ÀÁ÷ ÀÌ ¿É¼Ç¸¸À¸·Î ½ÇÇà Áß °Ë»ö Æнº¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù.
±×·¡¼ gcc¿¡¼ NFS·Î ¸¶¿îÆ®µÇ´Â ¿©·¯ ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀ» -L
¿É¼Ç°ú
À¯¿ëÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
´Ù¸¥ ELF ¸µÄ¿¿Í ȣȯÀ» À§ÇØ -R
¿É¼Ç µÚ¿¡ ÆÄÀÏÀ̸§ÀÌ
¾Æ´Ï¶ó µð·ºÅ丮 À̸§ÀÌ ¿Ã °æ¿ì -rpath
¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î Ãë±ÞÇÑ´Ù.
(¿ªÁÖ; DYNAMIC ¼¼±×¸ÕÆ®¿¡ RPATH ŸÀÔÀÇ Ç׸ñÀ» Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù.
(¸µÅ© ¶§°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ½ÇÇà Áß) ÇöÀç µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â '.'µµ »ç¿ë°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.)
-rpath-link DIR
ld -shared
link includes a shared library as one
of the input files.
When the linker encounters such a dependency when doing a non-shared,
non-relocatable link, it will automatically try to locate the required
shared library and include it in the link, if it is not included
explicitly. In such a case, the -rpath-link
option
specifies the first set of directories to search. The
-rpath-link
option may specify a sequence of directory names
either by specifying a list of names separated by colons, or by
appearing multiple times.
This option should be used with caution as it overrides the search path
that may have been hard compiled into a shared library. In such a case it
is possible to use unintentionally a different search path than the
runtime linker would do.
The linker uses the following search paths to locate required shared
libraries.
ld -shared
·Î °øÀ¯ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦
ÀÔ·ÂÆÄÀÏ¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù.
¸µÄ¿°¡ °øÀ¯µÇÁö ¾Ê°í Àç¹èÄ¡ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ ¸µÅ©¸¦ ÇÒ ¶§ ÀÌ·± ÀÇÁ¸¼ºÀ»
¹ß°ßÇϸé (¸í½ÃµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò¾îµµ) ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °øÀ¯ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦ ã¾Æ¼
¸µÅ©¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÅ°·Á°í ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ °æ¿ì ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº óÀ½À¸·Î °Ë»öÇÒ
µð·ºÅ丮 ÁýÇÕÀ» ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº °¢ À̸§À» `:'À¸·Î ºÐ¸®Çϰųª
¿É¼ÇÀ» ¿©·¯¹ø »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº °øÀ¯ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¿¡ ¾²¿©Áø °Ë»ö Æнº¸¦ ¹«È¿·Î ÇÒ ¼ö
ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ÁÖÀÇÀÖ°Ô »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¾î¶² °æ¿ì¿¡ ÀǵµÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Ô
½ÇÇà Áß ¸µÄ¿¿Í ´Ù¸¥ °Ë»ö Æнº¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
¸µÄ¿´Â ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °øÀ¯ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦ ã±â À§ÇØ ´ÙÀ½ °Ë»ö Æнº¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
-rpath-link
options.
-rpath
options. The difference
between -rpath
and -rpath-link
is that directories
specified by -rpath
options are included in the executable and
used at runtime, whereas the -rpath-link
option is only effective
at link time. It is for the native linker only.
-rpath
and rpath-link
options
were not used, search the contents of the environment variable
LD_RUN_PATH
. It is for the native linker only.
-rpath
option was not used, search any
directories specified using -L
options.
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
.
DT_RUNPATH
or
DT_RPATH
of a shared library are searched for shared
libraries needed by it. The DT_RPATH
entries are ignored if
DT_RUNPATH
entries exist.
-rpath-link
¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î ÁöÁ¤µÈ µð·ºÅ丮µé
-rpath
¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î ÁöÁ¤µÈ µð·ºÅ丮µé. -rpath
°ú
-rpath-link
ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ´Â -rpath
´Â ½ÇÇàÆÄÀÏ¿¡
Æ÷ÇÔµÇ°í ½ÇÇà Áß¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¹Ý¸é -rpath-link
´Â ¿ÀÁ÷ ¸µÅ© ½Ã¿¡
»ç¿ëµÈ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ±âº» ¸µÄ¿¿¡¸¸ Àû¿ëµÈ´Ù.
-rpath
°ú -rpath-link
¿É¼ÇÀÌ
»ç¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é ȯ°æº¯¼ö LD_RUN_PATH
ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» °Ë»öÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ´Â ±âº» ¸µÄ¿¿¡¸¸ Àû¿ëµÈ´Ù.
-rpath
°¡ »ç¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é -L
¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î
ÁÖ¾îÁø µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ °Ë»öÇÑ´Ù.
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
ÀÇ ³»¿ë
DT_RUNPATH
³ª
DT_RPATH
¿¡ ÀúÀåµÈ µð·ºÅ丮°¡ °Ë»öµÈ´Ù. DT_RUNPATH
Ç׸ñÀÌ
ÀÖ´Ù¸é DT_RPATH
Ç׸ñÀº ¹«½ÃµÈ´Ù.
-shared
-Bshareable
-e
option is not used and there are
undefined symbols in the link.
-e
¿É¼ÇÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê°í ¸µÅ©¿¡
Á¤ÀǵÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ½Éº¼ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ¸µÄ¿´Â ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î °øÀ¯ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù.
--sort-common
ld
to sort the common symbols by size when it
places them in the appropriate output sections. First come all the one
byte symbols, then all the two bytes, then all the four bytes, and then
everything else. This is to prevent gaps between symbols due to
alignment constraints.
ld
°¡ °øÅë ½Éº¼À» Àû´çÇÑ Ãâ·Â ¼½¼Ç¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÒ ¶§
Å©±â ¼øÀ¸·Î Á¤·ÄÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. 1 ¹ÙÀÌÆ® ½Éº¼µéÀº óÀ½¿¡ ³ª¿À°í, ´ÙÀ½¿¡
2 ¹ÙÀÌÆ®ÀÇ, ´ÙÀ½¿¡ 4 ¹ÙÀÌÆ®ÀÇ, µîµî. ±×·¡¼ Á¤·Ä Á¦ÇÑÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ½Éº¼»çÀÌÀÇ
°ø°£À» ÁÙÀδÙ.
--split-by-file [size]
--split-by-reloc
but creates a new output section for
each input file when size is reached. size defaults to a
size of 1 if not given.
--split-by-reloc
°ú ºñ½ÁÇÏÁö¸¸, °¢ ÀÔ·ÂÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ
size¸¦ ³ÑÀ» ¶§¸¶´Ù »õ·Î¿î Ãâ·Â ¼½¼ÇÀ» ¸¸µç´Ù. sizeÀÌ
ÁÖ¾îÁöÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é 1ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
--split-by-reloc [count]
--stats
--traditional-format
ld
is different in some ways from
the output of some existing linker. This switch requests ld
to
use the traditional format instead.
For example, on SunOS, ld
combines duplicate entries in the
symbol string table. This can reduce the size of an output file with
full debugging information by over 30 percent. Unfortunately, the SunOS
dbx
program can not read the resulting program (gdb
has no
trouble). The `--traditional-format' switch tells ld
to not
combine duplicate entries.
ld
ÀÇ Ãâ·Â ¹æ½ÄÀÌ ÀÌ¹Ì Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ¸µÄ¿¿Í
´Ù¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ld
°¡ ´ë½Å ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ Çü½ÄÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù.
SunOSÀÇ ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ld
´Â ½Éº¼¹®ÀÚ¿Ç¥¿¡ ¹Ýº¹µÇ´Â Ç׸ñÀ»
Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ¸¹Àº µð¹ö±ë Á¤º¸¸¦ °¡Áø Ãâ·ÂÆÄÀÏÀÇ Å©±â¸¦ 30%
ÀÌ»ó ÁÙÀδÙ. ±×·¯³ª SunOSÀÇ dbx
´Â ÀÌ °á°ú¸¦
ÀÐÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. (gdb
´Â ¹®Á¦¾ø´Ù.)
ÀÌ °æ¿ì `--traditional-format' ¿É¼ÇÀº ¹Ýº¹µÇ´Â Ç׸ñÀ» ÇÕÄ¡Áö ¾Ê°Ô ÇÑ´Ù.
--section-start sectionname=org
-Tbss org
-Tdata org
-Ttext org
bss
, data
, or the text
segment of the output file.
org must be a single hexadecimal integer;
for compatibility with other linkers, you may omit the leading
`0x' usually associated with hexadecimal values.
bss
, data
,
text
ºÎºÐÀÇ ½ÃÀÛ ÁÖ¼Ò·Î »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
´Ù¸¥ ¸µÄ¿¿Í ȣȯÀ» À§ÇØ org´Â 16 Áø¼ö Á¤¼öÀÌ´Ù.
º¸Åë 16 Áø¼ö°ª°ú °°ÀÌ ¾²ÀÌ´Â ¾ÕÀÇ `0x'´Â »ý·«ÀÌ
°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.
--dll-verbose
--verbose
ld
and list the linker emulations
supported. Display which input files can and cannot be opened. Display
the linker script if using a default builtin script.
ld
ÀÇ ¹öÀü°ú Áö¿øÇÏ´Â ¸µÄ¿ ¿¡¹Ä·¹À̼ÇÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÔ·ÂÆÄÀÏÀ» ¿ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¾ø´ÂÁöµµ Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù. ±âº» ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦
»ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù¸é ¸µÄ¿ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®µµ Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
--version-script=version-scriptfile
--warn-common
file(section): warning: common of `symbol' overridden by definition file(section): warning: defined here
file(section): warning: definition of `symbol' overriding common file(section): warning: common is here
file(section): warning: multiple common of `symbol' file(section): warning: previous common is here
file(section): warning: common of `symbol' overridden by larger common file(section): warning: larger common is here
file(section): warning: common of `symbol' overriding smaller common file(section): warning: smaller common is here
file(section): warning: common of `symbol' overridden by definition file(section): warning: defined here
file(section): warning: definition of `symbol' overriding common file(section): warning: common is here
file(section): warning: multiple common of `symbol' file(section): warning: previous common is here
file(section): warning: common of `symbol' overridden by larger common file(section): warning: larger common is here
file(section): warning: common of `symbol' overriding smaller common file(section): warning: smaller common is here
--warn-constructors
--warn-multiple-gp
--warn-once
--warn-section-align
SECTIONS
command does not specify a start address for
the section (see section SECTIONS command).
SECTIONS
¸í·É¾î°¡ ¼½¼ÇÀÇ ½ÃÀÛ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ÁöÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é,
ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ º¯°æÇÑ´Ù. (SECTIONS command¸¦ ÂüÁ¶Ç϶ó.)
--whole-archive
--whole-archive
option, include every object file in the archive
in the link, rather than searching the archive for the required object
files. This is normally used to turn an archive file into a shared
library, forcing every object to be included in the resulting shared
library. This option may be used more than once.
Two notes when using this option from gcc: First, gcc doesn't know
about this option, so you have to use -Wl,-whole-archive
.
Second, don't forget to use -Wl,-no-whole-archive
after your
list of archives, because gcc will add its own list of archives to
your link and you may not want this flag to affect those as well.
--wrap symbol
__wrap_symbol
. Any
undefined reference to __real_symbol
will be resolved to
symbol.
This can be used to provide a wrapper for a system function. The
wrapper function should be called __wrap_symbol
. If it
wishes to call the system function, it should call
__real_symbol
.
Here is a trivial example:
__wrap_symbol
·Î ¸®Á¹ºêµÈ´Ù.
__real_symbol
·Î Á¤ÀǵÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ÂüÁ¶´Â symbol·Î
¸®Á¹ºêµÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ½Ã½ºÅÛ ÇÔ¼ö¿¡ ·¡ÆÛ¸¦ Á¦°øÇϱâ À§Çؼ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ·¡ÆÛ ÇÔ¼ö´Â
__wrap_symbol
·Î È£ÃâµÈ´Ù. ½Ã½ºÅÛ ÇÔ¼ö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í
½Í´Ù¸é __real_symbol
À» È£ÃâÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
¿©±â °£´ÜÇÑ ¿¹°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
void * __wrap_malloc (int c) { printf ("malloc called with %ld\n", c); return __real_malloc (c); }If you link other code with this file using
--wrap malloc
, then
all calls to malloc
will call the function __wrap_malloc
instead. The call to __real_malloc
in __wrap_malloc
will
call the real malloc
function.
You may wish to provide a __real_malloc
function as well, so that
links without the --wrap
option will succeed. If you do this,
you should not put the definition of __real_malloc
in the same
file as __wrap_malloc
; if you do, the assembler may resolve the
call before the linker has a chance to wrap it to malloc
.
--wrap malloc
À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ´Ù¸¥ ÄÚµå¿Í ¸µÅ©Çϸé
¸ðµç malloc
È£ÃâÀº ´ë½Å __wrap_malloc
À» È£ÃâÇÑ´Ù.
__wrap_malloc
¿¡¼ __real_malloc
Àº ½ÇÁ¦
malloc
ÇÔ¼ö¸¦ È£ÃâÇÑ´Ù.
__real_malloc
ÇÔ¼öµµ ¸¸µé¾î¼ --wrap
¿É¼Ç ¾øÀ̵µ
¸µÅ©°¡ ¼º°øÇÏ°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¸¾à ±×·¸´Ù¸é __real_malloc
ÀÇ Á¤ÀǸ¦
__wrap_malloc
°ú °°Àº ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ³ÖÁö¸¶¶ó. ±×·¸´Ù¸é ¸µÄ¿°¡ À̸¦
malloc
À¸·Î ·¡ÆÛÇϱâ Àü¿¡ ¾î¼Àºí·¯°¡ È£ÃâÀ» °¡·Îä¼ ¸ÕÀú
¸®Á¹ºêÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
--enable-new-dtags
--disable-new-dtags
--enable-new-dtags
, the dynamic tags will be created as needed.
If you specify --disable-new-dtags
, no new dynamic tags will be
created. By default, the new dynamic tags are not created. Note that
those options are only available for ELF systems.
--enable-new-dtags
¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϸé
ÇÊ¿äÇÑ µ¿Àû űװ¡ ¸¸µé¾î Áø´Ù. --disable-new-dtags
¸¦
»ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ¾î¶°ÇÑ »õ·Î¿î µ¿Àû ű׵µ ¸¸µéÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î
»õ·Î¿î µ¿Àû ű״ ¸¸µéÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ELF ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼ Á¦°øµÈ´Ù.
The i386 PE linker supports the
i386 PE (¿ªÁÖ, win32 portable executable ½ÇÇàÆÄÀÏ Çü½Ä) ¸µÄ¿´Â Ãâ·ÂÀÌ
º¸Åë ½ÇÇàÆÄÀÏ ´ë½Å¿¡ µ¿Àû ¸µÅ© ¶óÀ̺귯¸®·Î (DLL)
¸¸µå´Â -shared
option, which causes
the output to be a dynamically linked library (DLL) instead of a
normal executable. You should name the output *.dll
when you
use this option. In addition, the linker fully supports the standard
*.def
files, which may be specified on the linker command line
like an object file (in fact, it should precede archives it exports
symbols from, to ensure that they get linked in, just like a normal
object file).
-shared
¿É¼ÇÀ» Áö¿øÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» »ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§
Ãâ·Â À̸§À» *.dll
·Î ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Ãß°¡·Î ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ°ú
°°ÀÌ ¸µÄ¿ ¸í·ÉÇà¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö Àִ ǥÁØ *.def
ÆÄÀϵµ Áö¿øÇÑ´Ù.
(º¸Åë ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ°ú °°ÀÌ ¸µÅ©µÇ·Á¸é ½Éº¼À» ÀͽºÆ÷Æ®ÇÏ´Â ¾ÆÄ«À̺ê Àü¿¡
À§Ä¡ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.)
In addition to the options common to all targets, the i386 PE linker
support additional command line options that are specific to the i386
PE target. Options that take values may be separated from their
values by either a space or an equals sign.
¸ðµç Ç÷¡Æû¿¡ °øÅëÀÎ ¿É¼Ç¿¡ Ãß°¡·Î i386 PE ¸µÄ¿ ƯÀ¯ÀÇ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
°ªÀ» ¹Þ´Â ¿É¼ÇÀº °ª°ú °ø¹éÀ̳ª µîÈ£·Î ¿¬°áµÈ´Ù.
--add-stdcall-alias
--base-file file
--dll
-shared
or specify a LIBRARY
in a given .def
file.
-shared
³ª
.def
ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ LIBRARY
¸¦ ÁöÁ¤Çصµ µÈ´Ù.
--enable-stdcall-fixup
--disable-stdcall-fixup
_foo
might be linked to the function
_foo@12
, or the undefined symbol _bar@16
might be linked
to the function _bar
. When the linker does this, it prints a
warning, since it normally should have failed to link, but sometimes
import libraries generated from third-party dlls may need this feature
to be usable. If you specify --enable-stdcall-fixup
, this
feature is fully enabled and warnings are not printed. If you specify
--disable-stdcall-fixup
, this feature is disabled and such
mismatches are considered to be errors.
_foo
˼
ÇÔ¼ö _foo@12
¿¡, Á¤ÀǵÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ½Éº¼ _bar@16
´Â
ÇÔ¼ö _bar
·Î ¸µÅ©µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·± °æ¿ì º¸Åë ¸µÅ©´Â ãÁö¸øÇϱâ
¶§¹®¿¡ °æ°í¸¦ Ãâ·ÂÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ´Ù¸¥ ȸ»çÀÇ
dll·Î »ý¼ºÇÑ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦ ÀÓÆ÷Æ®ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì ÀÌ ±â´ÉÀÌ À¯¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
--enable-stdcall-fixup
ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ¸é ÀÌ ±â´ÉÀÌ ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ°í
°æ°í´Â Ãâ·ÂµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. --disable-stdcall-fixup
ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ¸é
ÀÌ ±â´ÉÀº ÀÛµ¿ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, ÀÌ·± ºÒÀÏÄ¡´Â ¿À·ù·Î °£ÁֵȴÙ.
--export-all-symbols
DllMain@12
,
DllEntryPoint@0
, and impure_ptr
will not be automatically
exported.
DllMain@12
,
DllEntryPoint@0
, impure_ptr
´Â ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î
ÀͽºÆ÷Æ®µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
--exclude-symbols symbol,symbol,...
--file-alignment
--heap reserve
--heap reserve,commit
--image-base value
--kill-at
--major-image-version value
--major-os-version value
--major-subsystem-version value
--minor-image-version value
--minor-os-version value
--minor-subsystem-version value
--output-def file
*.def
) may be used to create an import
library with dlltool
or may be used as a reference to
automatically or implicitly exported symbols.
*.def
) dlltool
·Î ÀÓÆ÷Æ®
¶óÀ̺귯¸®¸¦ ¸¸µé°Å³ª, ÀÚµ¿ ȤÀº ¾Ï½ÃÀûÀ¸·Î ÀͽºÆ÷Æ®µÈ ½Éº¼À» ÂüÁ¶ÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
--section-alignment
--stack reserve
--stack reserve,commit
--subsystem which
--subsystem which:major
--subsystem which:major.minor
native
, windows
,
console
, and posix
. You may optionally set the
subsystem version also.
native
, windows
, console
,
posix
ÀÌ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¼±ÅÃÀûÀ¸·Î ¼ºê½Ã½ºÅÛ ¹öÀüÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
You can change the behavior of
ld
with the environment variables
GNUTARGET
, LDEMULATION
, and COLLECT_NO_DEMANGLE
.
ld
ÀÇ ÇൿÀ» ȯ°æº¯¼ö GNUTARGET
, LDEMULATION
,
COLLECT_NO_DEMANGLE
·Î Á¶Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
GNUTARGET
determines the input-file object format if you don't
use `-b' (or its synonym `--format'). Its value should be one
of the BFD names for an input format (see section BFD). If there is no
GNUTARGET
in the environment, ld
uses the natural format
of the target. If GNUTARGET
is set to default
then BFD
attempts to discover the input format by examining binary input files;
this method often succeeds, but there are potential ambiguities, since
there is no method of ensuring that the magic number used to specify
object-file formats is unique. However, the configuration procedure for
BFD on each system places the conventional format for that system first
in the search-list, so ambiguities are resolved in favor of convention.
GNUTARGET
Àº `-b' (³ª `--format') ¿É¼ÇÀÌ
»ç¿ëµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº °æ¿ì ÀÔ·ÂÆÄÀÏÀÇ Çü½ÄÀ» ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ °ªÀº ÀÔ·Â Çü½Ä¿¡ ´ëÇÑ BFD
À̸§À̾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. (BFD¸¦ ÂüÁ¶Ç϶ó.)
¸¸¾à GNUTARGET
ȯ°æº¯¼ö°¡ ¾ø´Ù¸é Ç÷¡ÆûÀÇ ±âº» Çü½ÄÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
GNUTARGET
°¡ default
·Î ¼³Á¤µÇ¾ú´Ù¸é BFD´Â
ÀÔ·ÂÆÄÀÏÀ» »ìÆ캸°í Çü½ÄÀ» ¾Ë¾Æ³»·Á°í ½ÃµµÇÑ´Ù. º¸Åë ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀº ¼º°øÇϳª
¸ÅÁ÷³Ñ¹ö°¡ ¿ÀºêÁ§Æ® ÆÄÀÏ Çü½ÄÀ» °áÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ¿© ¸ðÈ£ÇÒ °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª °¢ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼ BFD¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÒ ¶§ ÀÚÁÖ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Çü½ÄÀ» °Ë»ö ¸ñ·Ï ¾Õ¿¡
À§Ä¡ÇÏ¿© ¸ðÈ£ÇÔÀ» ÇØ°áÇÑ´Ù.
LDEMULATION
determines the default emulation if you don't use the
`-m' option. The emulation can affect various aspects of linker
behaviour, particularly the default linker script. You can list the
available emulations with the `--verbose' or `-V' options. If
the `-m' option is not used, and the LDEMULATION
environment
variable is not defined, the default emulation depends upon how the
linker was configured.
LDEMULATION
´Â `-m' ¿É¼ÇÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ» ¶§
±âº» ¿¡¹Ä·¹À̼ÇÀ» ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¿¡¹Ä·¹À̼ÇÀº ¸µÄ¿ÀÇ ¿©·¯ Çൿ¿¡, ƯÈ÷ ±âº»
¸µÄ¿ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁØ´Ù. »ç¿ë °¡´ÉÇÑ ¿¡¹Ä·¹À̼ÇÀº `--verbose'³ª
`-V' ¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. `-m' ¿É¼ÇÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í
ȯ°æº¯¼ö LDEMULATION
°¡ ¾ø´Ù¸é ¸µÄ¿°¡ ±¸¼ºµÈ ¹æ¹ý¿¡ µû¶ó
±âº» ¿¡¹Ä·¹À̼ÇÀÌ °áÁ¤µÈ´Ù.
Normally, the linker will default to demangling symbols. However, if
COLLECT_NO_DEMANGLE
is set in the environment, then it will
default to not demangling symbols. This environment variable is used in
a similar fashion by the gcc
linker wrapper program. The default
may be overridden by the `--demangle' and `--no-demangle'
options.
º¸Åë ¸µÄ¿´Â ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î ½Éº¼À» µð¸Í±Û¸µÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ȯ°æº¯¼ö
COLLECT_NO_DEMANGLE
°¡ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ½Éº¼À» µð¸Í±Û¸µÇÏÁö
¾Ê´Â´Ù. gcc
(¸µÄ¿ ·¡ÆÛ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥)µµ ÀÌ È¯°æº¯¼ö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
±âº»°ªÀº `--demangle'³ª `--no-demangle'·Î
¹«½ÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
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